Sources
1 Momentum_unlimited, “Liri Albag was bravely serving . . .”, Instagram, July 26, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/momentum_unlimited/p/C95F51ZRyfP/.
2 “Taken Captive: Edan Alexander, Told Mother He Was Safe,” Times of Israel, December 18, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-edan-alexander-told-mother-he-was-safe/.
3 Wafaa Shurafa, “Hamas Releases Video of Captive Israeli in Hospital Bed,” AP, June 28, 2022, https://apnews.com/article/middle-east-israel-bedouin-gaza-strip-hamas-40b613b261ce8b80db5ae6d6b6858f4e.
4 “Taken Captive: Matan Angrest, Turned 21 while Held Hostage in Gaza,” Times of Israel, December 16, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-matan-angrest-turned-21-while-held-hostage-in-gaza-strip/.
5 Israel in Los Angeles, “Karina is still in Gaza! . . .”, Instagram, November 27, 2024, https://x.com/IsraelinLA/status/1861868178848022656.
6 Zionistfedaus, “Ohad Ben Ami turns 56 today. . . .”, Instagram, December 24, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/zionistfedaus/p/DD9XeTrPU_j/%EF%B8%8Fohad-ben-ami-turns-56-today-but-he-will-not-be-surrounded-by-his-loved-ones-bec/.
7 Momentum_unlimited, “Agam Berger, a budding violinist . . .”, Instagram, September 13, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/momentum_unlimited/p/C_2-DEkxx0D/.
8 “Brother of Twins Held Hostage in Gaza: ‘It’s Good that Sinwar Was Killed, but What Now?’”, Times of Israel, October 21, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/brother-of-twins-held-hostage-in-gaza-its-good-that-sinwar-was-killed-but-what-now/.
9 Ibid.
10 “As Ariel Bibas Turns 5 in Gaza Captivity, His Grandmother Dreams of Seeing Him again,” Times of Israel, August 5, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-ariel-bibas-turns-5-in-gaza-captivity-his-grandmother-dreams-of-seeing-him-again/.
11 “Meet Kfir and Ariel Bibas: the Youngest Hostages Still Held by Hamas in Gaza since October 7, 2023,” American Jewish Committee, October 8, 2024, https://www.ajc.org/news/meet-kfir-and-ariel-bibas-the-youngest-hostages-still-held-by-hamas-in-gaza-since-october-7.
12 Save Niroz, “Shiri Bibas, 33, from Kibbutz Nir Oz . . .”, Instagram, November 17, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/save_niroz/p/DCgVX8XSNIp/.
13 World Jewish Congress, “Yarden Bibas (left) was violently taken hostage . . .”, Instagram, October 10, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/worldjewishcongress/p/DA8dGcROVJx/.
14 State of Israel, “Elkana Bohbot (35) has been held hostage in Gaza . . .”, Instagram, July 24, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/p/C9z90e7IVcT/?hl=en.
15 “Taken Captive: Rom Braslavski, Rave Guard Who Saved Others,” Times of Israel, December 4, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-rom-braslavski-rave-guard-who-saved-others/.
16 “Hamas Hostages: Stories of the People Taken from Israel,” BBC, last updated December 5, 2024, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67053011.
17 Calgary_jewish_federation, “Eliya Cohen, 27, was at the Nova Music Festival . . .”, Instagram, August 8, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/calgary_jewish_federation/p/C-bDlFxSgqf/.
18 “Taken Captive: Nimrod Cohen, Twin Working to Bring Him Home,” Times of Israel, November 27, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-nimrod-cohen-twin-sister-working-to-bring-him-home/.
19 “Taken Captive: Ariel Cunio Told Brother ‘We Are in a Horror Film,’” Times of Israel, November 13, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-captive-ariel-cunio-told-brother-we-are-in-a-horror-film/.
20 “Taken Captive: David Cunio, Abducted from Burning House,” Times of Israel, December 17, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-david-cunio-abducted-from-burning-house/.
21 Bring Them Home Now, “Evyatar David made the way from Kfar Saba to the NOVA Music Festival . . .”, Facebook, June 5, 2024, https://www.facebook.com/bringhomenow/posts/evyatar-david-made-the-way-from-kfar-saba-to-the-nova-music-festival-with-three-/122167639610082649/.
22 Save_niroz, “Itzik Elgarat, 69, was kidnapped from Kibbutz Nir Oz . . .”, Instagram, September 24, 2024.
23 Bring Them Home Now, “We must not forget the horrific moments from October 7th . . .”, Facebook, September 26, 2024, https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=122190870080082649&id=61552479473511&set=a.122097450470082649.
24 Ajc.global, “23-year-old Guy Gilboa-Dalal was kidnapped . . .”, Instagram, July 5, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/ajc.global/p/C9C80BYRrid/.
25 Bring Home Now, “We must not forget the horrific moments from October 7th,” Instagram, October 2, 2023, https://www.instagram.com/bringhomenow/p/DAoajfyN42R/.
26 Tehillim for hostages, “Maxim (Max) Herkin, who recently turned 36 . . .”, Instagram, September 6, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/p/C_k8ITNo3sD/?locale=kk-KZ&img_index=1.
27 Worldjewishcongress, “Eitan Horn turns 38 today. . . .”, Instagram, September 23, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/worldjewishcongress/p/DAQ1haWs3Tb/.
28 Save_niroz, “Iair Horn, 46, was kidnapped from Kibbutz Nir Oz on October 7th . . .”, Instagram, November 5, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/save_niroz/p/DB-3YBRNxYq/.
29 Until.they.are.all.back.home, “Tzachi Idan, 50 married to Gali . . .”, Instagram, September 16, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/until.they.are.all.back.home/p/C_-RWh8qUX-/.
30 “Taken Captive: Bipin Joshi, Nepalese Student Who Deflected Grenades,” Times of Israel, December 16, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-bipin-joshi-nepalese-student-who-deflected-grenades/.
31 “Taken Captive: Ofer Calderon, Initially Escaped through Window,” Times of Israel, December 20, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-ofer-calderon-initially-escaped-through-window/.
32 “Taken Captive: Segev Kalfon, Last Seen Running across Highway 232,” Times of Israel, December 16, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-segev-kalfon-last-seen-running-across-highway-232/.
33 Bringhomenow, “We must not forget the horrific moments from October 7th, . . .”, Instagram, October 5, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/bringhomenow/p/DAvdm5Tti9G/?img_index=1.
34 “Bring Home Naama Levy,” Warrior Word, updated September 27, 2024, https://www.hawarriorword.com/post/bring-home-naama-levy#:~:text=Ayelet%20Levy%2C%20Naama’s%20mother%2C%20said,describe%20her%20as%20someone%20who.
35 American Jewish Committee, “Or Levy arrived at the Nova music festival . . .”, X, December 20, 2024, https://x.com/AJCGlobal/status/1870114434451984474.
36 Save_niroz, “On October 7th, Obed Lifshitz, 84, was kidnapped . . .” Instagram, September 30, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/save_niroz/p/DAiL82xNOOi/.
37 Stateofisrael, “397 days ago Shlomo Mantzur (86) was brutally beaten and kidnapped . . .”, Instagram, November 6, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/stateofisrael/p/DCBxh-FgMlx/?locale=en_GB&hl=en.
38 “Rights Group Blasts Hamas for Holding 2 ‘Mentally Ill’ Israelis,” Times of Israel, May 3, 2017, https://www.timesofisrael.com/rights-group-blasts-hamas-for-holding-mentally-ill-israelis/.
39 “Taken Captive: Omri Miran, Driven in His Own Car to Gaza,” Times of Israel, November 13, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-omri-miran-driven-in-his-own-car-to-gaza/.
40 Matthew Feinberg, “Gadi Moshe Mozes (Gadi Moshe ben Sara) . . .”, X, July 19, 2024, https://x.com/thewebbie/status/1814266342834421918.
41 “Taken Captive: Tamir Nimrodi, Walked by Gunmen to Base Gate,” Times of Israel, December 3, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-tamir-nimrodi-walked-by-gunmen-to-gate-of-army-base/.
42 Israelinla, “Alon Ohel (23) has been held hostage in Gaza for 285 days. . . .”, Instagram, July 17, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/israelinla/p/C9h3dNMPO0I/?hl=en.
43 “Taken Captive: Yosef-Haim Ohana, Helped Injured at Supernova Rave,” Times of Israel, November 14, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-yosef-haim-ohana-helped-injured-at-supernova-rave/.
44 Bring Them Home Now, “We must not forget the horrific moments from October 7th, . . .”, Facebook, September 30, 2024, https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=122191673000082649&id=61552479473511&_rdr.
45 “Taken Captive: Eli Sharabi from Kibbutz Be’eri,” Times of Israel, January 16, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-captive-eli-sharabi-from-kibbutz-beeri/.
46 Bringhomenow, “Omer Shem-Tov was at the Nova music festival . . .”, Instagram, January 1, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/bringhomenow/p/C1kRhCCt4Br/.
47 “Yahel Shoham, 3, and 5 Members of Her Wider Family Freed; Her Dad still Held in Gaza,” Times of Israel, October 18, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-8-members-of-an-extended-family-on-kibbutz-beeri/.
48 “Taken Captive: US Citizen Keith Siegel, Driven to Gaza in His Own Car,” Times of Israel, December 19, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-us-citizen-keith-siegel-driven-to-gaza-in-his-own-car/.
49 “Taken Captive: Doron Steinbrecher, ‘They’ve Arrived, They Have Me,’” Times of Israel, November 5, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-captive-doron-steinbrecher-theyve-arrived-they-have-me/.
50 “Taken Captive: Amazon Employee Sasha Trufanov,” Times of Israel, December 17, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-amazon-employee-sasha-trufanov/.
51 “Taken Captive: Omer Wenkert, Suffers from Autoimmune Condition,” Times of Israel, November 21, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-omer-wenkert-suffers-from-congenital-disease/.
52 Jessica Steinberg, “A Year after Oct. 7, Kfar Aza and Nir Oz Are Mostly Empty, with Residents in Anguish,” Times of Israel, October 6, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/a-year-after-oct-7-kfar-aza-and-nir-oz-are-mostly-empty-with-residents-in-anguish/.
53 “Taken Captive: Arbel Yehud, Third Generation on Kibbutz Nir Oz,” Times of Israel, January 22, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-arbel-yehud-third-generation-on-kibbutz-nir-oz/.
54 “Taken Captive: Matan Zangauker, ‘Is a Survivor,’” Times of Israel, December 19, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-matan-zangauker-is-a-survivor/.
55 A kibbutz is a collective farming community in Israel.
56 “Taken Captive: Hamza Ziyadne, Rahat Resident Working in Kibbutz Holit,” Times of Israel, January 20, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-hamza-ziyadne-rahat-resident-working-in-kibbutz-holit/.
57 “Taken Captive: Youssef Hamis Ziyadne from Rahat,” Times of Israel, December 19, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-youssef-hamis-ziyadne-and-son-hamza-rahat-residents/.
58 Israel in the UK, “400 days since 28-year-old British citizen . . .”, Facebook, November 9, 2024, https://www.facebook.com/IsraelinUK/photos/400-days-since-28-year-old-british-citizen-emily-damari-was-brutally-kidnapped-f/996579749180971/.
59 “Taken Captive: Surasak Lamnau, Thai Worker Abducted with Employer,” Times of Israel, January 8, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-sriaoun-watchara-suwannakham-sathian-from-nir-oz/.
60 “Taken Captive: Pinta Nattapong, Saving up for a Coffee Shop,” Times of Israel, December 16, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-pinta-nattapong-saving-up-for-a-coffee-shop/.
61 “Bannawat Seathao”, Blue Ribbons, accessed January 2, 2025, https://www.blueribbons.life/captive-and-presumed-alive/bannawat-seathao.
62 “Taken Captive: Thai Field Hand Watchara Sriaoun,” Times of Israel, January 8, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-sriaoun-watchara-suwannakham-sathian-from-nir-oz/.
63 “Sathian Suwankam,” Blue Ribbons, accessed January 2, 2025, https://www.blueribbons.life/captive-and-presumed-alive/sathian-suwankam.
64 “Taken Captive: Thai Worker Pongsak Tanna, Father of 14-Year-Old Girl,” Times of Israel, March 4, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-thai-worker-pongsak-tanna-father-of-14-year-old-girl/.
65 “Tamir Adar, 38: Third-Generation Kibbutznik and Father of Three,” Times of Israel, May 16, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/tamir-adar-38-third-generation-kibbutznik-and-father-of-three/.
66 “Mohammed Alatrash, Bedouin Father of 13,” Times of Israel, March 4, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-mohammed-altarash-bedouin-father-of-13/.
67 “Aviv Atzili, 49: Painter, Cyclist, Lover of the Land,” Times of Israel, March 15, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/aviv-atzili-49-painter-cyclist-lover-of-the-land/#:~:text=Aviv%20Atzili%2C%2049%2C%20from%20Nir,of%20a%20week%2Dlong%20truce.
68 “Report: Failed IDF Raid that Resulted in Death of Hostage Sahar Baruch Was Meant to Rescue Noa Argamani,” Times of Israel, December 22, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/report-failed-idf-raid-that-resulted-in-death-of-hostage-sahar-baruch-was-meant-to-rescue-noa-argamani/.
69 “Hostage Uriel Baruch Murdered by Hamas, His Body Held in Gaza, His Family Reveals,” Times of Israel, March 26, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/hostage-uriel-baruch-murdered-by-hamas-his-body-held-in-gaza-his-family-reveals/.
70 “Tal Chaimi, Part of Nir Yitzhak Response Team; His Body Is Held in Gaza,” Times of Israel, November 14, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-captive-tal-chaimi-part-of-nir-yitzhak-rapid-response-team/.
71 “IDF: Soldier Itay Chen Was Killed during Hamas’s Oct. 7 Onslaught, Body Held in Gaza,” Times in Israel, March 12, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-soldier-itay-chen-was-killed-during-hamass-oct-7-onslaught-body-held-in-gaza/.
72 “IDF Confirms Death of Nir Oz Founder Amiram Cooper, 84, while Captive in Gaza,” Times of Israel, November 27, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-nir-oz-founder-amiram-cooper-wife-nurit-released/.
73 “Sgt. Shaked Dahan, 19: Dreamed of Defending the State of Israel,” Times of Israel, November 30, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/sgt-shaked-dahan-19-dreamed-of-defending-the-state-of-israel/.
74 Emanuel Fabian, “IDF Announces Death of Sgt. Oz Daniel, Killed on Oct 7 and His Body Taken to Gaza,” Times of Israel, February 25, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-sgt-oz-daniel-was-killed-oct-7-body-taken-to-gaza/.
75 “Ronen Engel, 54: Photographer Dad Who Was ‘always Smiling,’” Times of Israel, December 12, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/ronen-engel-54-photographer-dad-who-was-always-smiling/.
76 “Ayelet & Manny Godard, 63, 73: ‘People Who Spread Light,’” Times of Israel, December 27, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-hostage-lior-rudaeff-confirmed-killed-on-oct-7-body-taken-to-gaza/.
77 “Ran Gvili, 24: Left Hospital on October 7 to Fight,” Times of Israel, October 30, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/missing-police-officer-ran-gvili-left-hospital-to-go-fight/.
78 “American-Israeli Hostage Gadi Haggai Murdered, Body Held by Hamas,” Jerusalem Post, December 22, 2023, https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-779190.
79 “Hostage Inbar Haiman, 27, Murdered in Hamas Captivity, Officials Say,” Times of Israel, December 16, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/hostage-inbar-haiman-27-murdered-in-hamas-captivity-officials-say/.
80 “Col. Asaf Hamami, 41: Witty Commander ‘Did Not Hesitate for a Moment,’” Times of Israel, December 4, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/col-asaf-hamami-41-witty-commander-did-not-hesitate-for-a-moment/.
81 “Guy Illouz, 26: Soundman for Hayehudim with ‘a Huge Heart,’” Times of Israel, January 7, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/guy-illouz-26-soundman-for-hayehudim-with-a-huge-heart/.
82 Bringhomenow, “Ofra Keidar, a 70-year-old woman . . .,” Instagram, November 30, 2023, https://www.instagram.com/bringhomenow/p/C0RXoBFNmYR/?img_index=1.
83 “Volleyballer Shay Levinson Believed in Coexistence; Was Slain by Hamas,” Times of Israel, December 17, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-volleyballer-shay-levinson-believes-in-coexistence/.
84 “Israel Confirms Deaths of 2 more Civilians at Hands of Hamas following Oct. 7,” Times of Israel, December 8, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-confirms-oct-7-death-of-beeri-resident-dror-kaplun-with-archaeologists-help/.
85 “Eliyahu Margalit, 75: Cattle Breeder, Horse Lover Known as ‘Churchill,’” Times of Israel, December 24, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/eliyahu-margalit-75-cattle-breeder-horse-lover-known-as-churchill/.
86 “Joshua Mollel, 21: Tanzanian Intern Hoped to Open Agribusiness,” Times of Israel, December 14, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/joshua-mollel-21-tanzanian-intern-hoped-to-open-agribusiness/.
87 Emanuel Fabian, “IDF Says US-Israelis Hostage Cpt. Omer Neutra Killed on Oct. 7 and His Body Held in Gaza,” Times of Israel, December 2, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/after-over-a-year-idf-confirms-us-israeli-hostage-cpt-omer-neutra-killed-on-oct-7/.
88 Standwithus, “We are heartbroken to report . . .,” Instagram, May 16, 2024, https://www.instagram.com/standwithus/p/C7C6Nk_t4m7/.
89 “Dror Or, 49, Killed on Oct. 7 and Body Taken Captive to Gaza,” Times of Israel, December 17, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-dror-or-as-his-house-went-up-in-flames/.
90 Bring Them Home Now, “We are devastated by the news . . .,” Facebook, March 17, 2024, https://www.facebook.com/story.php/?story_fbid=122150430284082649&id=61552479473511.
91 Ibid.
92 “Presumed Hostage Lior Rudaeff Confirmed Killed on October 7; Body Was Taken to Gaza,” Times of Israel, May 8, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/presumed-hostage-lior-rudaeff-confirmed-killed-on-oct-7-body-taken-to-gaza/.
93 “’Does the UN Hold My Son?’ Mother of Murdered Hostage Asks as Families Assail UNRWA,” Times of Israel, February 21, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/does-the-un-hold-my-son-mother-of-murdered-hostage-tells-unrwa-to-clean-house/.
94 “Kibbutz Says Hostages Yossi Sharabi, Itay Svirsky Murdered in Hamas Captivity in Gaza,” Times of Israel, January 16, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/kibbutz-beeri-says-hostages-yossi-sharabi-itay-svirsky-killed-bodies-held-in-gaza/.
95 “IDF Announces Death of Gaza Hostage Idan Shtivi, Killed on October 7,” Times of Israel, December 4, 2023, https://www.timesofisrael.com/taken-captive-idan-shtivi-reached-rave-just-before-hamas-attack/.
96 “Kibbutz Nir Oz Confirms Judy Weinstein’s Death, Body Still Held in Gaza,” Jerusalem Post, December 28, 2023, https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-779885.
97 “Kibbutz Be’eri Resident Ilan Weiss, Missing since Oct. 7, Is Confirmed Killed,” Times of Israel, January 1, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/kibbutz-beeri-resident-ilan-weiss-missing-since-oct-7-is-confirmed-killed/.
98 “Kibbutz Nir Oz Announces Yair Yaakov, 59, Was Killed Oct. 7; Body Held in Gaza,” Times of Israel, February 15, 2024, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/kibbutz-nir-oz-announces-death-of-hostage-yair-yaakov-59-in-hamas-captivity/.
99 “Tied Up and Beaten: Israeli Media Shares New Footage of Gaza Hostage’s Abduction,” Jerusalem Post, August 17, 2024, https://www.jpost.com/israel-hamas-war/article-815127.